The Spanish Tax Authorities have interpreted EU VAT law to argue that internal flows between a head office and its foreign branches may be subject to VAT when the branch is deemed to operate independently.
The Romanian Prime Minister has reintroduced legislation raising the standard VAT rate from 19% to 21% and replacing the existing 5% and 9% VAT rates by a new reduced rate of 11% with effect from 1 August 2025 (supply date driven).
In June 2025, the UAE Federal Tax Authority issued updated guidance (CTGFF1 and FTA Decision No. 5 of 2025) clarifying Corporate Tax rules for Family Foundations.
